Learning objectives:

• Describe urine macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative and quantitative analysis
• Describe quantitative assessment of total protein, albumin, bence-jones protein, myoglobin
• Describe the biochemistry, physiologic characteristics, and analytical methods for commonly used biomarkers for chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury
• Describe various measures of kidney function
• Describe and compare measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate
• Define, classify, and describe the chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury